On Some Problems of Using the Human Development Index in Economic History

We argue against the use of composite indices, such as Human Development Index (HDI), in economic history. show that HDI can be interpreted a formal representation analyst’s ethical system. support our claim by introducing new class paternalistic social welfare functions (Graaff 1957, Mas-Colell, 1995) which encompasses all formulas put forth literature. The theoretical framework is illustrated an empirical investigation long-run evolution Italians’ living standards and civic liberties. conclude any history based on indices one where both data play minor role, if any.